a) x^2+2xy+y^2-16

=(x+y)²-16

=(x+y-4)(x+y+4)

b) 3x^2+5x-3xy-5y

=(3x²-3xy)+(5x-5y)

=3x(x-y)+5(x-y)

=(x-y)(3x+5)

c) 4x^2-6x^3y-2x^2+8x

ko bik hoặc sai đề

d) x^2-4-2xy+y^2

=(x-y)²-4

=(x-y+2)(x-y-2)

e) x^3-4x^2-12x+27

=sai đề

g) 3x^2-18x+27

=3(x²-6x+9)

=3(x-3)²

h) x^2-y^2-z^2-2yz

=x²-(y²+z²+2yx)

=x²-(y+z)²

=(x-y-z)(x+y+z)

k) 4x^2(x-6)+9y^2(6-x)

=4x²(x-6)-9y²(x-6)

=(x-6)(4x²-9y²)

=(x-6)(2x-3y)(2x+3y)

l)6xy+5x-5y-3x^2-3y^2

=(5x-5y)+(-3x²+6xy-3y²)

=5(x-y)-3(x²-2xy+y²)

=5(x-y)-3(x-y)²

=(x-y)(5-3(x-y))

=(x-y)(5-3x+3y)

a) Xem lại đề

b) x³ - 4x²y + 4xy² - 9x

= x(x² - 4xy + 4y² - 9)

= x[(x² - 4xy + 4y² - 3²]

= x[(x - 2y)² - 3²]

= x(x - 2y - 3)(x - 2y + 3)

c) x³ - y³ + x - y

= (x³ - y³) + (x - y)

= (x - y)(x² + xy + y²) + (x - y)

= (x - y)(x² + xy + y² + 1)

d) 4x² - 4xy + 2x - y + y²

= (4x² - 4xy + y²) + (2x - y)

= (2x - y)² + (2x - y)

= (2x - y)(2x - y + 1)

e) 9x² - 3x + 2y - 4y²

= (9x² - 4y²) - (3x - 2y)

= (3x - 2y)(3x + 2y) - (3x - 2y)

= (3x - 2y)(3x + 2y - 1)

f) 3x² - 6xy + 3y² - 5x + 5y

= (3x² - 6xy + 3y²) - (5x - 5y)

= 3(x² - 2xy + y²) - 5(x - y)

= 3(x - y)² - 5(x - y)

= (x - y)[(3(x - y) - 5]

= (x - y)(3x - 3y - 5)

đề bài là rút gọn à

Bài 2:

1: \(\left(2x-1\right)^2-4\left(2x-1\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x-1-4\right)=0\)

=>(2x-1)(2x-5)=0

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

2: \(9x^3-x=0\)

=>\(x\left(9x^2-1\right)=0\)

=>x(3x-1)(3x+1)=0

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\3x-1=0\\3x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

3: \(\left(3-2x\right)^2-2\left(2x-3\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(2x-3\right)^2-2\left(2x-3\right)=0\)

=>(2x-3)(2x-3-2)=0

=>(2x-3)(2x-5)=0

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3=0\\2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

4: \(\left(2x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)-10x+25=0\)

=>\(2x^2+10x-5x-25-10x+25=0\)

=>\(2x^2-5x=0\)

=>\(x\left(2x-5\right)=0\)

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 1:

1: \(3x^3y^2-6xy\)

\(=3xy\cdot x^2y-3xy\cdot2\)

\(=3xy\left(x^2y-2\right)\)

2: \(\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+3y\right)-2\left(x-2y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2y\right)\cdot\left(x+3y\right)-2\cdot\left(x-2y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+3y-2\right)\)

3: \(\left(3x-1\right)\left(x-2y\right)-5x\left(2y-x\right)\)

\(=\left(3x-1\right)\left(x-2y\right)+5x\left(x-2y\right)\)

\(=(x-2y)(3x-1+5x)\)

\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(8x-1\right)\)

4: \(x^2-y^2-6y-9\)

\(=x^2-\left(y^2+6y+9\right)\)

\(=x^2-\left(y+3\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x+y+3\right)\)

5: \(\left(3x-y\right)^2-4y^2\)

\(=\left(3x-y\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2\)

\(=\left(3x-y-2y\right)\left(3x-y+2y\right)\)

\(=\left(3x-3y\right)\left(3x+y\right)\)

\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+y\right)\)

6: \(4x^2-9y^2-4x+1\)

\(=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-9y^2\)

\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^2\)

\(=\left(2x-1-3y\right)\left(2x-1+3y\right)\)

8: \(x^2y-xy^2-2x+2y\)

\(=xy\left(x-y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(xy-2\right)\)

9: \(x^2-y^2-2x+2y\)

\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(2x-2y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-2\right)\)

Lời giải:

a) $P(x)= 5x+x^3y-2xy+4x^3y+3x^2y-10x$

$=(x^3y+4x^3y)+3x^2y-2xy+(5x-10x)$

$=5x^3y+3x^2y-2xy-5x$

$Q(x)=4x-5x^3y+2x^2y-x^3y+6xy+11x^3-8x$

$=-6x^3y+2x^2y+11x^3+6xy-4x$

$P(x)-Q(x)=11x^3y+x^2y-8xy-x-11x^3$

Bậc của $P(x)-Q(x)$ là $3+1=4$

b)

$P(x)+Q(x)=-x^3y+5x^2y+4xy-9x+11x^3$

$P(x)-Q(x)$ đã thu gọn ở phần a.

1) \(4x^5y^2-8x^4y^2+4x^3y^2\)

\(=4x^3y^2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)

\(=4x^3y^2\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot1+1^2\right)\)

\(=4x^3y^2\left(x-1\right)^2\)

2) \(5x^4y^2-10x^3y^2+5x^2y^2\)

\(=5x^2y^2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)

\(=5x^2y^2\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot1+1^2\right)\)

\(=5x^2y^2\left(x-1\right)^2\)

3) \(12x^2-12xy+3y^2\)

\(=3\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)\)

\(=3\left[\left(2x\right)^2-2\cdot2x\cdot y+y^2\right]\)

\(=3\left(2x-y\right)^2\)

4) \(8x^3-8x^2y+2xy^2\)

\(=2x\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)\)

\(=2x\left[\left(2x\right)^2-2\cdot2x\cdot y+y^2\right]\)

\(=2x\left(2x-y\right)^2\)

5) \(20x^4y^2-20x^3y^3+5x^2y^4\)

\(=5x^2y^2\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)\)

\(=5x^2y^2\left[\left(2x\right)^2-2\cdot2x\cdot y+y^2\right]\)

\(=5x^2y^2\left(2x-y\right)^2\)

1: 4x^5y^2-8x^4y^2+4x^3y^2

=4x^3y^2(x^2-2x+1)

=4x^3y^2(x-1)^2

2: \(=5x^2y^2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=5x^2y^2\left(x-1\right)^2\)

3: \(=3\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)=3\left(2x-y\right)^2\)

4: \(=2x\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)=2x\left(2x-y\right)^2\)

5: \(=5x^2y^2\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)=5x^2y^2\left(2x-y\right)^2\)